The short answer
Remote e-collars combine tone (a beep), vibration (a buzz) and static stimulation in adjustable levels. Tone and vibration are cues; static is an aversive. Level numbers aren't standard between brands, so start at the bottom. Welfare groups such as AVSAB advise reward-based training and recommend against aversive methods.
The three functions
| Function | What the dog feels | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Tone | A sound | Marker or recall cue |
| Vibration | A buzz | Attention cue; deaf dogs |
| Static | An electrical sensation | Correction (aversive) |
Levels and output
Makers number levels differently: SportDOG's FieldTrainer 425X has 21 static levels, Dogtra's 200iQ 100, many budget collars 99. A higher count means finer steps, not a stronger collar, and budget makers rarely publish output.
Premium units add locks: Dogtra 280X has a Boost and safety level lock.
No-static alternatives
- Vibration-only: PaiPaitek and DOGLinsen.
- Spray: PetSafe Remote Spray Trainer.
- Rewards: PetSafe Teach & Treat.
SafetyIf you consider any aversive tool, work with a qualified trainer who uses reward-based methods first.
Products mentioned
Questions readers ask
Is level 50 on one collar the same as on another?
No. Level numbers aren't standardized between brands.
Are vibration collars static-free?
Vibration-only collars such as PaiPaitek have no static.